Growth performance, hepatic enzymes, and gut health status of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in response to dietary Cetobacterium somerae fermentation product

Intensive aquaculture practices compromise the health of fish. Probiotics especially those isolated from aquatic animals play important roles in improving fish health. The aim study was to evaluate effects stabilized fermentation product Cetobacterium somerae (XMX-1) on growth performance, gut and liver common carp. A total 300 carps (initial weight 2.32 ± 0.02 g) were divided into control (fed a basal diet) XMX-1 groups diet with 2 g/kg, 3 4 g/kg or 5 diet). After 8-week feeding, serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), diamine oxidase activity (DAO), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) aspartate (AST) evaluated. intestinal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, expression related genes tested. In addition, triacylglycerol (TAG) lipid metabolism conducted. Results showed that addition had no effect performance at supplementation level up (P > 0.05). However, dietary levels ranging reduced LPS DAO. Furthermore, all additions significantly increased SOD compared group < contrast, hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1α), Occludin, Hepcidin zonula occludens (ZO)-1 Dietary ZO-1 Moreover, decreased ALT ≤ 0.37) TAG 0.07). we found synthesis including sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP1c) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) Meanwhile, carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1) (PPARα) Together, our findings suggest best